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① Stream 自己不会存储元素。
② Stream 不会改变源对象。相反，他们会返回一个持有结果的新Stream。
③ Stream 操作是延迟执行的。这意味着他们会等到需要结果的时候才执行。</p> <h2 id="stream操作的三个步骤"><a href="#stream操作的三个步骤" class="header-anchor">#</a> Stream操作的三个步骤</h2> <ul><li>创建 Stream</li></ul> <p>一个数据源（如： 集合、数组）， 获取一个流。</p> <ul><li>中间操作</li></ul> <p>一个中间操作链，对数据源的数据进行处理。</p> <ul><li>终止操作(终端操作)</li></ul> <p>一个终止操作，执行中间操作链，并产生结果 。</p> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-001.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <h2 id="如何创建stream"><a href="#如何创建stream" class="header-anchor">#</a> 如何创建Stream?</h2> <p>Java8 中的 Collection 接口被扩展，提供了两个获取流的方法：</p> <h3 id="_1-获取stream"><a href="#_1-获取stream" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.获取Stream</h3> <ul><li><p>default Stream<E> stream() : 返回一个顺序流</E></p></li> <li><p>default Stream<E> parallelStream() : 返回一个并行流</E></p></li></ul> <h3 id="_2-由数组创建stream"><a href="#_2-由数组创建stream" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.由数组创建Stream</h3> <p>Java8 中的 Arrays 的静态方法 stream() 可以获取数组流：</p> <ul><li>static <T> Stream<T> stream(T[] array): 返回一个流</T></T></li></ul> <p>重载形式，能够处理对应基本类型的数组：</p> <ul><li><p>public static IntStream stream(int[] array)</p></li> <li><p>public static LongStream stream(long[] array)</p></li> <li><p>public static DoubleStream stream(double[] array)</p></li></ul> <h3 id="_3-由值创建流"><a href="#_3-由值创建流" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.由值创建流</h3> <p>可以使用静态方法 Stream.of(), 通过显示值创建一个流。它可以接收任意数量的参数。</p> <ul><li>public static<T> Stream<T> of(T... values) : 返回一个流</T></T></li></ul> <h3 id="_4-由函数创建流"><a href="#_4-由函数创建流" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.由函数创建流</h3> <p>由函数创建流可以创建无限流。</p> <p>可以使用静态方法 Stream.iterate() 和Stream.generate(), 创建无限流 。</p> <ul><li>迭代</li></ul> <p>public static<T> Stream<T> iterate(final T seed, final UnaryOperator<T> f)</T></T></T></p> <ul><li>生成</li></ul> <p>public static<T> Stream<T> generate(Supplier<T> s)</T></T></T></p> <h2 id="stream的中间操作"><a href="#stream的中间操作" class="header-anchor">#</a> Stream的中间操作</h2> <p>多个中间操作可以连接起来形成一个流水线，除非流水线上触发终止操作，否则中间操作不会执行任何的处理！而在终止操作时一次性全部处理，称为“惰性求值”</p> <h3 id="_1-筛选与切片"><a href="#_1-筛选与切片" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.筛选与切片</h3> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-002.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <h3 id="_2-映射"><a href="#_2-映射" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.映射</h3> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-003.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <h3 id="_3-排序"><a href="#_3-排序" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.排序</h3> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-004.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <h2 id="stream-的终止操作"><a href="#stream-的终止操作" class="header-anchor">#</a> Stream 的终止操作</h2> <p>终端操作会从流的流水线生成结果。其结果可以是任何不是流的值，例如： List、 Integer，甚至是 void 。</p> <h3 id="_1-查找与匹配"><a href="#_1-查找与匹配" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.查找与匹配</h3> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-005.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-006.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <h3 id="_2-规约"><a href="#_2-规约" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.规约</h3> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-007.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <h3 id="_3-收集"><a href="#_3-收集" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.收集</h3> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-008.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <p>Collector 接口中方法的实现决定了如何对流执行收集操作(如收集到 List、 Set、 Map)。但是 Collectors 实用类提供了很多静态方法，可以方便地创建常见收集器实例， 具体方法与实例如下表</p> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-009.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-010.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <h2 id="并行流与串行流"><a href="#并行流与串行流" class="header-anchor">#</a> 并行流与串行流</h2> <p>并行流就是把一个内容分成多个数据块，并用不同的线程分别处理每个数据块的流。</p> <p>Java 8 中将并行进行了优化，我们可以很容易的对数据进行并行操作。 Stream API 可以声明性地通过 parallel() 与
sequential() 在并行流与顺序流之间进行切换</p> <h2 id="fork-join-框架"><a href="#fork-join-框架" class="header-anchor">#</a> Fork/Join 框架</h2> <h3 id="_1-简单概述"><a href="#_1-简单概述" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.简单概述</h3> <blockquote><p>Fork/Join 框架： 就是在必要的情况下，将一个大任务，进行拆分(fork)成若干个小任务（拆到不可再拆时），再将一个个的小任务运算的结果进行 join 汇总.</p></blockquote> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://binghe001.github.io/images/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-011.jpg" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <h3 id="_2-fork-join-框架与传统线程池的区别"><a href="#_2-fork-join-框架与传统线程池的区别" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.Fork/Join 框架与传统线程池的区别</h3> <p>采用 “工作窃取”模式（work-stealing）：
当执行新的任务时它可以将其拆分分成更小的任务执行，并将小任务加到线程队列中，然后再从一个随机线程的队列中偷一个并把它放在自己的队列中。</p> <p>相对于一般的线程池实现,fork/join框架的优势体现在对其中包含的任务的处理方式上.在一般的线程池中,如果一个线程正在执行的任务由于某些原因无法继续运行,那么该线程会处于等待状态.而在fork/join框架实现中,如果某个子问题由于等待另外一个子问题的完成而无法继续运行.那么处理该子问题的线程会主动寻找其他尚未运行的子问题来执行.这种方式减少了线程的等待时间,提高了性能。</p> <h2 id="写在最后"><a href="#写在最后" class="header-anchor">#</a> 写在最后</h2> <blockquote><p>如果你觉得冰河写的还不错，请微信搜索并关注「 <strong>冰河技术</strong> 」微信公众号，跟冰河学习高并发、分布式、微服务、大数据、互联网和云原生技术，「 <strong>冰河技术</strong> 」微信公众号更新了大量技术专题，每一篇技术文章干货满满！不少读者已经通过阅读「 <strong>冰河技术</strong> 」微信公众号文章，吊打面试官，成功跳槽到大厂；也有不少读者实现了技术上的飞跃，成为公司的技术骨干！如果你也想像他们一样提升自己的能力，实现技术能力的飞跃，进大厂，升职加薪，那就关注「 <strong>冰河技术</strong> 」微信公众号吧，每天更新超硬核技术干货，让你对如何提升技术能力不再迷茫！</p></blockquote> <p><img alt="" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200906013715889.png" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p></div> <footer class="page-edit"><div class="edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/binghe001/BingheGuide/edit/master/docs/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-关于Java8的Stream API,都在这儿了.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">在 GitHub 上编辑此页</a> <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></div> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">上次更新: </span> <span class="time">2022/5/23</span></div></footer> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#stream操作的三个步骤" class="toc-sidebar-link">Stream操作的三个步骤</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#如何创建stream" class="toc-sidebar-link">如何创建Stream?</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_1-获取stream" class="toc-sidebar-link">1.获取Stream</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_2-由数组创建stream" class="toc-sidebar-link">2.由数组创建Stream</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_3-由值创建流" class="toc-sidebar-link">3.由值创建流</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_4-由函数创建流" class="toc-sidebar-link">4.由函数创建流</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#stream的中间操作" class="toc-sidebar-link">Stream的中间操作</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_1-筛选与切片" class="toc-sidebar-link">1.筛选与切片</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_2-映射" class="toc-sidebar-link">2.映射</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_3-排序" class="toc-sidebar-link">3.排序</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#stream-的终止操作" class="toc-sidebar-link">Stream 的终止操作</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_1-查找与匹配" class="toc-sidebar-link">1.查找与匹配</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_2-规约" class="toc-sidebar-link">2.规约</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_3-收集" class="toc-sidebar-link">3.收集</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#并行流与串行流" class="toc-sidebar-link">并行流与串行流</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#fork-join-框架" class="toc-sidebar-link">Fork/Join 框架</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_1-简单概述" class="toc-sidebar-link">1.简单概述</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_2-fork-join-框架与传统线程池的区别" class="toc-sidebar-link">2.Fork/Join 框架与传统线程池的区别</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#写在最后" class="toc-sidebar-link">写在最后</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="option-box-toc-over"><img src="/images/system/toc.png" class="nozoom"> <span class="show-txt">目录</span> <div class="toc-container"><div class="pos-box"><div class="icon-arrow"></div> <div class="scroll-box" style="max-height:550px"><div style="font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">关于Java8的Stream API,都在这儿了</div> <hr> <div class="toc-box"><ul class="toc-sidebar-links"><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#写在前面" class="toc-sidebar-link">写在前面</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#什么是stream" class="toc-sidebar-link">什么是Stream?</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#stream操作的三个步骤" class="toc-sidebar-link">Stream操作的三个步骤</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#如何创建stream" class="toc-sidebar-link">如何创建Stream?</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_1-获取stream" class="toc-sidebar-link">1.获取Stream</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_2-由数组创建stream" class="toc-sidebar-link">2.由数组创建Stream</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_3-由值创建流" class="toc-sidebar-link">3.由值创建流</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_4-由函数创建流" class="toc-sidebar-link">4.由函数创建流</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#stream的中间操作" class="toc-sidebar-link">Stream的中间操作</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_1-筛选与切片" class="toc-sidebar-link">1.筛选与切片</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_2-映射" class="toc-sidebar-link">2.映射</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_3-排序" class="toc-sidebar-link">3.排序</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#stream-的终止操作" class="toc-sidebar-link">Stream 的终止操作</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_1-查找与匹配" class="toc-sidebar-link">1.查找与匹配</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_2-规约" class="toc-sidebar-link">2.规约</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_3-收集" class="toc-sidebar-link">3.收集</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#并行流与串行流" class="toc-sidebar-link">并行流与串行流</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#fork-join-框架" class="toc-sidebar-link">Fork/Join 框架</a><ul class="toc-sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/md/core/java/java8/2022-03-31-008-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8EJava8%E7%9A%84Stream%20API,%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E5%84%BF%E4%BA%86.html#_1-简单概述" class="toc-sidebar-link">1.简单概述</a></li><li class="toc-sidebar-sub-header"><a 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